第六回Chapter Six

点"对照"可以中英对照

紂王無道造炮烙

纣王无道造炮烙

King Zhou in his wickedness builds the burning pillar

仿清末石印本的线描:白日宫中石砖露台上,戴垂珠平冠的长须君王仰头大笑,伸手指向身旁含笑侧目、手提飘带的妃子,一名官吏拱手躬身立在带轮的三层关门铜柱旁,身后是石栏、高楼、桃花和垂柳。

詩曰:

紂王無道殺忠賢,酷慘奇冤觸上天。俠烈盡隨灰燼滅;妖氛偏向禁宮旋。

诗曰:

纣王无道杀忠贤,酷惨奇冤触上天。侠烈尽随灰烬灭;妖氛偏向禁宫旋。

A poem says:

King Zhou, without the Way, slays the loyal and the worthy;cruel and monstrous wrongs reach up to Heaven itself.The gallant and the staunch all go out with the embers;yet round the forbidden palace, of all places, the demonic miasma swirls.

朝歌豔曲飛檀板;暮宿龍涎吐碧煙。取次摧殘黃耇散,孤魂無計返家園。

朝歌艳曲飞檀板;暮宿龙涎吐碧烟。取次摧残黄耇散,孤魂无计返家园。

Morning songs of love fly from the sandalwood clappers;at dusk he lies where ambergris breathes out jade-green smoke.One by one the hoary elders are crushed and scattered,and their lonely souls can find no way back home.

話說紂王見驚壞了妲己,慌忙無措,即傳旨命侍御官,將此寶劍立刻焚毀。不知此劍莫非松樹削成,經不得火,立時焚盡。侍御官回旨。妲己見焚了此劍,妖光復長,依舊精神。正是,有詩為證,詩曰:

话说纣王见惊坏了妲己,慌忙无措,即传旨命侍御官,将此宝剑立刻焚毁。不知此剑莫非松树削成,经不得火,立时焚尽。侍御官回旨。妲己见焚了此剑,妖光复长,依旧精神。正是,有诗为证,诗曰:

Now, when King Zhou saw how badly Daji had been frightened, he was flustered and at a loss. At once he issued a command ordering the palace attendants to burn the precious sword without delay. Who knows — perhaps because it was only whittled from pine, the sword could not stand the fire, and it burned away in an instant. The palace attendants reported that the command had been carried out. When Daji saw the sword burned, the demonic light about her grew strong again, and she was as lively as ever. Truly, there is a poem to prove it. It says:

火焚寶劍智何庸,妖氣依然透九重。可惜商都成畫餅,五更殘月曉霜濃。

火焚宝剑智何庸,妖气依然透九重。可惜商都成画饼,五更残月晓霜浓。

The precious sword was burned in the fire — what use was all that wisdom?The demonic aura still pierces the ninefold palace.Alas, the Shang capital is now no more than a painted cake:at the fifth watch, a waning moon, and the dawn frost lying thick.

妲己依舊侍君,擺宴在宮中歡飲。

妲己依旧侍君,摆宴在宫中欢饮。

Daji waited on the king as before, and a banquet was laid in the palace, where they drank and made merry.

且說此時雲中子尚不曾回終南山,還在朝歌,忽見妖光復起,沖照宮闈。雲中子點首歎曰:「我只欲以此劍鎮減妖氛,稍延成湯脈絡,孰知大數已去,將我此劍焚毀。一則是成湯合滅;二則是周國當興;三則神仙遭逢大劫;四則姜子牙合受人間富貴;五則有諸神欲討封號。罷,罷,罷,也是貧道下山一場,留下二十四字,以驗後人。」雲中子取文房四寶,留筆跡在司天臺杜太師照牆上。詩曰:

且说此时云中子尚不曾回终南山,还在朝歌,忽见妖光复起,冲照宫闱。云中子点首叹曰:「我只欲以此剑镇减妖氛,稍延成汤脉络,孰知大数已去,将我此剑焚毁。一则是成汤合灭;二则是周国当兴;三则神仙遭逢大劫;四则姜子牙合受人间富贵;五则有诸神欲讨封号。罢,罢,罢,也是贫道下山一场,留下二十四字,以验后人。」云中子取文房四宝,留笔迹在司天台杜太师照墙上。诗曰:

Our story turns to Yunzhongzi. He had not yet gone back to Mount Zhongnan but was still in Zhaoge, when all at once he saw the demonic light rise again, flaring up and shining over the inner palace. Yunzhongzi nodded and sighed. “I only meant to use this sword to keep the demonic miasma down and keep the pulse of Cheng Tang’s house beating a little longer. Who could have known that the great reckoning has already run out, and that my sword would be burned? For one thing, the house of Tang is fated to perish; for another, the state of Zhou is due to rise; third, the immortals are to meet a great calamity; fourth, Jiang Ziya is fated to enjoy wealth and honour in the world of men; and fifth, there are gods who want to claim their titles. Enough, enough, enough! Still, this poor Daoist has made the journey down the mountain: I will leave twenty-four characters behind, to be borne out for those who come after.” Yunzhongzi took out the Four Treasures of the Study and left his writing on the screen wall that faced the gate of Grand Preceptor Du of the Observatory. It says:

「妖氛穢亂宮廷,聖德播揚西土。要知血染朝歌,戊午歲中甲子。」

「妖氛秽乱宫廷,圣德播扬西土。要知血染朝歌,戊午岁中甲子。」

“A demonic miasma befouls the palace;holy virtue spreads through the western lands.Would you know when blood shall stain Zhaoge?In the wuwu year, on the jiazi day.”

雲中子題罷,逕回終南山去了。

云中子题罢,径回终南山去了。

When he had finished writing, Yunzhongzi went straight back to Mount Zhongnan.

且言朝歌百姓見道人在照牆上吟詩,俱來看念,不解其意。人煙擁擠,聚積不散。正看之間,只見太師杜元銑回朝。只見許多人圍遶府前,兩邊侍從人喝開。太師問:「甚麼事?」管府門役稟:「老爺,有一道人在照牆上吟詩,故此眾人來看。」杜太師在馬上看見,是二十四字,其意頗深,一時難解;命門役將水洗了。太師進府,將二十四字細細推詳,窮究幽微,終是莫解。暗想:「此必是前日進朝獻劍道人,說妖氣旋繞宮闈,此事倒有些著落。連日我夜觀乾象,見妖氣日盛,旋繞禁闥,定有不祥,故留此鈐記。目今天子荒淫,不理朝政;權奸蠱惑,天愁民怨,眼見興衰。我等受先帝重恩,安忍坐視?見朝中文武,個個憂思,人人危懼,不若乘此具一本章,力諫天子,盡其臣節,非是買直沽名,實為國家治亂。」杜元銑當夜修成疏章,次日至文書房,不知是何人看本。今日卻是首相商容。元銑大喜,上前見禮,叫曰:「老丞相,昨夜元銑觀司天台,妖氣纍貫深宮,災殃立見,天下事可知矣。主上國政不修,朝綱不理,朝歡暮樂,荒淫酒色,宗廟社稷所關,治亂所繫,非同小可,豈得坐視。今特具諫章,上於天子。敢勞丞相將此本轉達天庭。丞相意下如何?」商容聽言,曰:「太師既有本章,老夫豈有坐視之理。只連日天子不御殿庭,難於面奏。今日老夫與太師進內庭見駕面奏,何如?」商容進九間大殿,過龍德殿、顯慶殿、嘉善殿,再過分宮樓。商容見奉御官。奉御官口稱:「老丞相,壽仙宮乃禁闥所在,聖躬寢室,外臣不得進此!」商容曰:「我豈不知?你與我啟奏:商容候旨。」奉御官進宮啟奏:「首相商容候旨。」王曰:「商容何事進內見朕?但他雖是外官,乃三世之老臣也,可以進見。」命:「宣!」商容進宮,口稱「陛下」,俯伏階前。王曰:「丞相有甚緊急奏章,特進宮中見朕?」商容啟奏:「執掌司天台首官杜元銑,昨夜觀乾象,見妖氣照籠金闕,災殃立見。元銑乃三世之老臣,陛下之股肱,不忍坐視。且陛下何事,日不設朝,不理國事,端坐深宮,使百官日夜憂思。今臣等不避斧鉞之誅,干冒天威,非為沽直,乞垂天聽。」將本獻上,兩邊侍御官接本在案。紂王展開觀看:

且言朝歌百姓见道人在照墙上吟诗,俱来看念,不解其意。人烟拥挤,聚积不散。正看之间,只见太师杜元铣回朝。只见许多人围绕府前,两边侍从人喝开。太师问:「甚么事?」管府门役禀:「老爷,有一道人在照墙上吟诗,故此众人来看。」杜太师在马上看见,是二十四字,其意颇深,一时难解;命门役将水洗了。太师进府,将二十四字细细推详,穷究幽微,终是莫解。暗想:「此必是前日进朝献剑道人,说妖气旋绕宫闱,此事倒有些着落。连日我夜观乾象,见妖气日盛,旋绕禁闼,定有不祥,故留此钤记。目今天子荒淫,不理朝政;权奸蛊惑,天愁民怨,眼见兴衰。我等受先帝重恩,安忍坐视?见朝中文武,个个忧思,人人危惧,不若乘此具一本章,力谏天子,尽其臣节,非是买直沽名,实为国家治乱。」杜元铣当夜修成疏章,次日至文书房,不知是何人看本。今日却是首相商容。元铣大喜,上前见礼,叫曰:「老丞相,昨夜元铣观司天台,妖气累贯深宫,灾殃立见,天下事可知矣。主上国政不修,朝纲不理,朝欢暮乐,荒淫酒色,宗庙社稷所关,治乱所系,非同小可,岂得坐视。今特具谏章,上于天子。敢劳丞相将此本转达天庭。丞相意下如何?」商容听言,曰:「太师既有本章,老夫岂有坐视之理。只连日天子不御殿庭,难于面奏。今日老夫与太师进内庭见驾面奏,何如?」商容进九间大殿,过龙德殿、显庆殿、嘉善殿,再过分宫楼。商容见奉御官。奉御官口称:「老丞相,寿仙宫乃禁闼所在,圣躬寝室,外臣不得进此!」商容曰:「我岂不知?你与我启奏:商容候旨。」奉御官进宫启奏:「首相商容候旨。」王曰:「商容何事进内见朕?但他虽是外官,乃三世之老臣也,可以进见。」命:「宣!」商容进宫,口称「陛下」,俯伏阶前。王曰:「丞相有甚紧急奏章,特进宫中见朕?」商容启奏:「执掌司天台首官杜元铣,昨夜观乾象,见妖气照笼金阙,灾殃立见。元铣乃三世之老臣,陛下之股肱,不忍坐视。且陛下何事,日不设朝,不理国事,端坐深宫,使百官日夜忧思。今臣等不避斧钺之诛,干冒天威,非为沽直,乞垂天听。」将本献上,两边侍御官接本在案。纣王展开观看:

Meanwhile, the people of Zhaoge, seeing that a Daoist had written a poem on the screen wall, all came to look at it and read it aloud, but none could make out its meaning. The crowd grew thicker and thicker and would not disperse. Just as they were looking, the Grand Preceptor Du Yuanxian came back from court. A great crowd was pressing round in front of his residence, and his attendants on either side shouted them out of the way. “What is going on?” asked the Grand Preceptor. The gatekeeper of the residence reported, “My lord, a Daoist has written a poem on the screen wall, so everyone has come to look.” From his horse Grand Preceptor Du looked and saw twenty-four characters, their meaning rather deep and not easily unravelled at once. He ordered the gatekeeper to wash them off with water. The Grand Preceptor went into his residence and turned the twenty-four characters over with great care, probing every hidden subtlety, but in the end he could not make them out. He thought to himself: “This must be the Daoist who came to court the other day and presented a sword, saying that a demonic aura was swirling round the inner palace. So there is something to it after all. Night after night I have watched the signs in the heavens and seen a demonic aura growing stronger by the day and swirling round the palace gates. Something ill is surely coming, and so he has left this mark. Now the Son of Heaven is sunk in debauchery and pays no heed to the government; powerful villains bewitch him; Heaven grieves and the people complain; the turn from rise to fall is there for all to see. We who received great favour from the late king — how can we bear to sit by and watch? I see the officials at court, civil and military, every one of them anxious and every one afraid. Better to seize the moment, draw up a memorial and remonstrate with the Son of Heaven with all my might, and so do my full duty as a subject. Not to buy a name for honesty or angle for fame, but truly for the sake of the state, whether it stands or falls.” That night Du Yuanxian wrote out his memorial, and the next day he went to the Office of Documents, not knowing who would be reading the memorials. As it happened, that day it was the First Chancellor Shang Rong. Du Yuanxian was delighted. He stepped up, greeted him and said, “Venerable Chancellor, last night I watched from the Observatory, and a demonic aura lay thick over the inner palace and ran right through it. Calamity is close at hand: what will become of the realm can be guessed. His Majesty neglects the government and leaves the laws of the court unattended; he feasts in the morning and revels at night, sunk in wine and women. The ancestral temple and the altars of the state depend on it, order and chaos hang on it — this is no small matter. How can we sit by and watch? I have drawn up a remonstrance expressly to present to the Son of Heaven. May I trouble you, Chancellor, to convey this memorial to the throne? What do you say?” When Shang Rong heard this, he said, “Since you have a memorial, Grand Preceptor, how could this old man sit by and watch? Only, the Son of Heaven has not come to the audience hall for days on end, so it is hard to put it to him in person. Today this old man will go with you into the inner court to see His Majesty and put it to him in person. How would that be?” Shang Rong went into the great Nine-Bay Hall and through the Longde Hall, the Xianqing Hall and the Jiashan Hall, then on past the Fengong Tower. There he met the chamberlain, who said, “Venerable Chancellor, the Shouxian Palace lies within the forbidden gates; it is His Majesty’s own bedchamber. No minister of the outer court may enter here!” Shang Rong said, “Do you think I don’t know that? Go in and announce for me: Shang Rong awaits His Majesty’s command.” The chamberlain went into the palace and announced, “The First Chancellor Shang Rong awaits Your Majesty’s command.” The king said, “What business brings Shang Rong into the inner palace to see Us? Still, though he is an official of the outer court, he is an old minister who has served three reigns. He may come in.” He commanded, “Summon him!” Shang Rong came into the palace, said, “Your Majesty,” and prostrated himself before the steps. The king said, “What urgent memorial have you, Chancellor, that you come all the way into the palace to see Us?” Shang Rong said, “Du Yuanxian, chief officer of the Observatory, watched the signs in the heavens last night and saw a demonic aura shining over the golden palace and shrouding it: calamity is close at hand. Du Yuanxian is an old minister who has served three reigns, one of Your Majesty’s arms and legs, and he cannot bear to sit by and watch. Besides, what is it that keeps Your Majesty from holding court day after day? You pay no heed to the affairs of state but sit deep in the palace, so that the officials are anxious day and night. Now your servants, not shrinking from death by the axe, dare to offend Your Majesty’s heavenly dignity — not to win a name for honesty — and beg Your Majesty to deign to hear us.” He presented the memorial, and the palace attendants on either side took it and laid it on the desk. King Zhou unrolled it and read:

「具疏臣執掌司天台官杜元銑奏,為保國安民,靖魅除妖,以隆宗社事:臣聞國家將興,禎祥必現;國家將亡,妖孽必生。臣元銑夜觀乾象,見怪霧不祥,妖光遶於內殿,慘氣籠罩深宮。陛下前日躬臨大殿,有終南山雲中子見妖氣貫於宮闈,特進木劍,鎮壓妖魅。聞陛下火焚木劍,不聽大賢之言,致使妖氛復成,日盛一日,沖霄貫斗,禍患不小。臣切思:自蘇護進貴人之後,陛下朝綱無紀,御案生塵。丹墀下百草生芽,御階前苔痕長綠。朝政紊亂,百官失望。臣等難近天顏。陛下貪戀美色,日夕歡娛。君臣不會,如雲蔽日。何日得睹賡歌喜起之隆,再見太平天日也?臣不避斧鉞,冒死上言,稍盡臣節。如果臣言不謬,望陛下早下御音,速賜施行。臣等不勝惶悚待命之至!謹具疏以聞。」

「具疏臣执掌司天台官杜元铣奏,为保国安民,靖魅除妖,以隆宗社事:臣闻国家将兴,祯祥必现;国家将亡,妖孽必生。臣元铣夜观乾象,见怪雾不祥,妖光绕于内殿,惨气笼罩深宫。陛下前日躬临大殿,有终南山云中子见妖气贯于宫闱,特进木剑,镇压妖魅。闻陛下火焚木剑,不听大贤之言,致使妖氛复成,日盛一日,冲霄贯斗,祸患不小。臣切思:自苏护进贵人之后,陛下朝纲无纪,御案生尘。丹墀下百草生芽,御阶前苔痕长绿。朝政紊乱,百官失望。臣等难近天颜。陛下贪恋美色,日夕欢娱。君臣不会,如云蔽日。何日得睹赓歌喜起之隆,再见太平天日也?臣不避斧钺,冒死上言,稍尽臣节。如果臣言不谬,望陛下早下御音,速赐施行。臣等不胜惶悚待命之至!谨具疏以闻。」

“The memorial of your servant Du Yuanxian, officer in charge of the Observatory, on safeguarding the state and the people, quelling sprites and removing demons, for the glory of the ancestral temple and the altars of the state. Your servant has heard that when a state is about to rise, auspicious omens are sure to appear, and when a state is about to perish, monstrous portents are sure to arise. Watching the signs in the heavens by night, your servant Yuanxian has seen an uncanny mist of ill omen, a demonic light coiling round the inner halls and a baleful air shrouding the depths of the palace. The other day, when Your Majesty came in person to the great hall, Yunzhongzi of Mount Zhongnan, having seen a demonic aura piercing the palace, came expressly to present a wooden sword to hold the demon down. I hear that Your Majesty burned the wooden sword and would not heed the words of that great worthy, so that the demonic miasma has gathered again, stronger by the day, soaring to the sky and piercing the Dipper — no small calamity. Your servant has thought on it earnestly. Since Su Hu presented the noble lady, Your Majesty’s court has lost all order, and dust gathers on the royal desk. Below the vermilion steps every kind of grass is sprouting; before the royal stairs the moss grows green. The government is in confusion and the officials have lost hope. Your servants can hardly come near Your Majesty’s face. Your Majesty is besotted with beauty and makes merry day and night. Sovereign and ministers never meet: it is as if clouds had hidden the sun. When shall we see again the glory of the answering songs, when the arms and legs were glad and the head rose up, and look once more on the sun of an age of peace? Not shrinking from the axe, your servant risks death to speak out, so as to do some small part of his duty as a subject. If your servant’s words are not mistaken, I hope Your Majesty will soon give the royal word and have them carried out at once. Your servants await your command in uttermost fear and trembling! Respectfully submitted for Your Majesty’s hearing.”

紂王看畢,自思:「言之甚善。只因本中具有雲中子除妖之事,前日幾乎把蘇美人險喪性命,托天庇佑,焚劍方安;今日又言妖氛在宮闈之地!」紂王回首問妲己曰:「杜元銑上書,又提妖魅相侵,此言果是何故?」妲己上前跪而奏曰:「前日雲中子乃方外術士,假捏妖言,蔽惑聖聰,搖亂萬民,此是妖言亂國;今杜元銑又假此為題,皆是朋黨惑眾,駕言生事。百姓至愚,一轉此妖言,不慌者自慌,不亂者自亂,致使百姓皇皇,莫能自安,自然生亂。究其始,皆自此無稽之言惑之也。故凡妖言惑眾者,殺無赦!」紂王曰:「美人言之極當!」傳朕旨意:把杜元銑梟首示眾,以戒妖言!」首相商容曰:「陛下,此事不可!元銑乃三世老臣,素秉忠良,真心為國,瀝血披肝,無非朝懷報主之恩,暮思酬君之德,一片苦心,不得已而言之。況且職受司天,驗照吉凶,若按而不奏,恐有司參論。今以直諫,陛下反賜其死,元銑雖死不辭,以命報君,就歸冥下,自分得其死所。只恐四百文武之中,各有不平元銑無辜受戮。望陛下原其忠心,憐而赦之。」王曰:「丞相不知,若不斬元銑,誣言終無已時,致令百姓皇皇,無有寧宇矣。」商容欲待再諫,怎奈紂王不從,令奉御官送商容出宮。奉御官逼令而行,商容不得已,只得出來。及到文書房,見杜太師俟候命下,不知有殺身之禍。旨意已下:「杜元銑妖言惑眾,拿下梟首,以正國法。」奉御官宣讀駕帖畢,不由分說,將杜元銑摘去衣服,繩纏索綁,拿出午門。

纣王看毕,自思:「言之甚善。只因本中具有云中子除妖之事,前日几乎把苏美人险丧性命,托天庇佑,焚剑方安;今日又言妖氛在宫闱之地!」纣王回首问妲己曰:「杜元铣上书,又提妖魅相侵,此言果是何故?」妲己上前跪而奏曰:「前日云中子乃方外术士,假捏妖言,蔽惑圣聪,摇乱万民,此是妖言乱国;今杜元铣又假此为题,皆是朋党惑众,驾言生事。百姓至愚,一转此妖言,不慌者自慌,不乱者自乱,致使百姓皇皇,莫能自安,自然生乱。究其始,皆自此无稽之言惑之也。故凡妖言惑众者,杀无赦!」纣王曰:「美人言之极当!」传朕旨意:把杜元铣枭首示众,以戒妖言!」首相商容曰:「陛下,此事不可!元铣乃三世老臣,素秉忠良,真心为国,沥血披肝,无非朝怀报主之恩,暮思酬君之德,一片苦心,不得已而言之。况且职受司天,验照吉凶,若按而不奏,恐有司参论。今以直谏,陛下反赐其死,元铣虽死不辞,以命报君,就归冥下,自分得其死所。只恐四百文武之中,各有不平元铣无辜受戮。望陛下原其忠心,怜而赦之。」王曰:「丞相不知,若不斩元铣,诬言终无已时,致令百姓皇皇,无有宁宇矣。」商容欲待再谏,怎奈纣王不从,令奉御官送商容出宫。奉御官逼令而行,商容不得已,只得出来。及到文书房,见杜太师俟候命下,不知有杀身之祸。旨意已下:「杜元铣妖言惑众,拿下枭首,以正国法。」奉御官宣读驾帖毕,不由分说,将杜元铣摘去衣服,绳缠索绑,拿出午门。

When King Zhou had read it, he thought to himself: “Very well put. But the memorial brings up that business of Yunzhongzi getting rid of a demon. The other day that nearly cost Su, my beauty, her life; only by the protection of Heaven, and by burning the sword, was she saved. And today here is talk of a demonic miasma in the palace again!” King Zhou turned and asked Daji, “Du Yuanxian has sent up a memorial, and again he talks of demons preying on us. What is really behind this?” Daji came forward, knelt and said, “That Yunzhongzi the other day was a sorcerer from outside the world, who made up talk of demons to cloud Your Majesty’s judgement and stir up the people: that is using talk of demons to throw the state into disorder. Now Du Yuanxian takes up the same theme. They are all one faction, misleading the people and making trouble with their stories. The common people are as foolish as can be. Once such talk of demons goes round, those who were not alarmed take alarm of their own accord, and those who were not unruly turn unruly of their own accord, until the people are in a panic and none can rest easy — and disorder follows of itself. Trace it back to the beginning, and it all comes from being misled by this baseless talk. Therefore all who mislead the people with talk of demons should be put to death without mercy!” “You are quite right, my beauty!” said King Zhou. “Pass on Our command: behead Du Yuanxian and hang up his head for all to see, as a warning against talk of demons!” The First Chancellor Shang Rong said, “Your Majesty, this must not be! Du Yuanxian is an old minister who has served three reigns. He has always been loyal and good, devoted heart and soul to the state, ready to shed his blood and lay bare his liver. Morning and evening he thinks of nothing but repaying his lord’s kindness and answering his sovereign’s grace. It was out of sheer devotion that he spoke, because he could not do otherwise. Besides, it is his office to watch over the heavens and read the signs of good and ill fortune. Had he kept this back and not reported it, I fear he would have been impeached by the proper officials. Now, for remonstrating honestly, Your Majesty instead condemns him to death. Du Yuanxian will not shrink from dying: he will repay his sovereign with his life, go down to the underworld and count it a fitting death. But I fear that among the four hundred officials, civil and military, every one will think it unjust that Du Yuanxian should be put to death when he has done no wrong. I hope Your Majesty will consider his loyal heart, take pity on him and pardon him.” The king said, “You do not understand, Chancellor. If We do not behead Du Yuanxian, there will be no end to these slanders, and the people will be thrown into such a panic that there will be no peace anywhere.” Shang Rong would have remonstrated again, but King Zhou would not listen and ordered the chamberlains to see Shang Rong out of the palace. The chamberlains hurried him along, and Shang Rong had no choice but to go out. When he reached the Office of Documents, he found Grand Preceptor Du waiting for the king’s answer, with no idea that a calamity was upon him that would cost him his life. The decree had already come down: “Du Yuanxian has misled the people with talk of demons. Arrest him, cut off his head and hang it up for all to see, to uphold the law of the land.” When the chamberlain had read out the royal warrant, without letting him say a word, they stripped Du Yuanxian of his robes, bound him with ropes and cords and dragged him out through the Meridian Gate.

方至九龍橋,只見一位大夫,身穿大紅袍,乃梅伯也。見杜太師綁縛而來,向前問曰:「太師得何罪如此?」元銑曰:「天子失政,吾等上本內庭,言妖氣纍貫於宮中,災星立變於天下。首相轉達,有犯天顏。君賜臣死,不敢違旨。梅先生,『功名』二字,化作灰塵;數載丹心,竟成冰冷!」梅伯聽言:「兩邊的,且住了。」竟至九龍橋邊,適逢首相商容。梅伯曰:「請問丞相,杜太師有何罪犯君,特賜其死?」商容曰:「元銑本章實為朝廷,因妖氛遶於禁闕,怪氣照於宮闈。當今聽蘇美人之言,坐以『妖言惑眾,驚慌萬民』之罪。老夫苦諫,天子不從。如之奈何!」梅伯聽罷,只氣得「五靈神暴躁,三昧火燒胸」:「老丞相燮理陰陽,調和鼎鼐,奸者即斬,佞者即誅,賢者即薦,能者即褒,君正而首相無言,君不正以直言諫主。今天子無辜而殺大臣,似丞相這等鉗口不言,委之無奈,是重一己之功名,輕朝內之股肱,怕死貪生,愛血肉之微軀,懼君王之刑典,皆非丞相之所為也!」叫:「兩邊,且住了!待我與丞相面君!」梅伯攜商容過大殿,逕進內庭。

方至九龙桥,只见一位大夫,身穿大红袍,乃梅伯也。见杜太师绑缚而来,向前问曰:「太师得何罪如此?」元铣曰:「天子失政,吾等上本内庭,言妖气累贯于宫中,灾星立变于天下。首相转达,有犯天颜。君赐臣死,不敢违旨。梅先生,『功名』二字,化作灰尘;数载丹心,竟成冰冷!」梅伯听言:「两边的,且住了。」竟至九龙桥边,适逢首相商容。梅伯曰:「请问丞相,杜太师有何罪犯君,特赐其死?」商容曰:「元铣本章实为朝廷,因妖氛绕于禁阙,怪气照于宫闱。当今听苏美人之言,坐以『妖言惑众,惊慌万民』之罪。老夫苦谏,天子不从。如之奈何!」梅伯听罢,只气得「五灵神暴躁,三昧火烧胸」:「老丞相燮理阴阳,调和鼎鼐,奸者即斩,佞者即诛,贤者即荐,能者即褒,君正而首相无言,君不正以直言谏主。今天子无辜而杀大臣,似丞相这等钳口不言,委之无奈,是重一己之功名,轻朝内之股肱,怕死贪生,爱血肉之微躯,惧君王之刑典,皆非丞相之所为也!」叫:「两边,且住了!待我与丞相面君!」梅伯携商容过大殿,径进内庭。

They had just reached the Jiulong Bridge when a counsellor came along in a robe of bright red. It was Mei Bo. Seeing Grand Preceptor Du brought along in bonds, he went up to him and asked, “Grand Preceptor, what crime has brought you to this?” Du Yuanxian said, “The Son of Heaven has failed in his government. We sent a memorial into the inner court, saying that a demonic aura lay thick over the palace and that baleful stars foretold upheaval for the realm at any moment. The First Chancellor passed it on, and it offended His Majesty. When the sovereign condemns his subject to death, the subject dare not disobey. Master Mei, the two words ‘rank and fame’ have turned to dust and ashes; all my years of a loyal red heart have ended cold as ice!” When Mei Bo heard this, he said, “You men there, hold on a moment.” He went straight to the end of the Jiulong Bridge, where he happened to meet the First Chancellor Shang Rong. “May I ask, Chancellor,” said Mei Bo, “what crime against the sovereign Grand Preceptor Du has committed, that he is condemned to death?” Shang Rong said, “Du Yuanxian’s memorial was truly for the good of the court: a demonic miasma coils round the forbidden gates, and an uncanny vapour shines over the inner palace. His Majesty listened to Lady Su and charged him with ‘misleading the people with talk of demons and throwing the whole populace into panic’. This old man pleaded hard, but the Son of Heaven would not listen. What can be done?” At this Mei Bo was so angry that his five spirits raged and the samadhi fire burned in his breast. “Venerable Chancellor, it is you who keep yin and yang in harmony and season the cauldrons of state. The treacherous you should behead at once, the flatterers put to death at once, the worthy recommend at once, the able commend at once. When the sovereign is upright, the First Chancellor need say nothing; when the sovereign is not upright, he must remonstrate with his lord in plain words. Now the Son of Heaven kills a great minister who has done no wrong, and a chancellor like you clamps his mouth shut and says nothing, putting it down to helplessness! That is to value your own rank and fame and make light of the arms and legs of the court; to fear death and cling to life, cherishing your own paltry body of flesh and blood and dreading the punishments of the king. None of this is what a chancellor should do!” He shouted, “You men there, hold on! Wait while the Chancellor and I see the king!” Mei Bo took Shang Rong by the hand, crossed the great hall and went straight into the inner court.

伯乃外官,及至壽仙宮門首,便自俯伏。奉御官啟奏:「商容、梅伯候旨。」王曰:「商容乃三世之老臣,進內可赦;梅伯擅進內廷,不遵國法。」傳旨:「宣!」商容在前,梅伯隨後,進宮俯伏。王問曰:「二卿有何奏章?」梅伯口稱:「陛下!臣梅伯具疏,杜元銑何事干犯國法,致於賜死?」王曰:「杜元銑與方士通謀,架捏妖言,搖惑軍民,播亂朝政,污衊朝廷。身為大臣,不思報本酬恩,而反詐言妖魅,蒙蔽欺君,律法當誅,除奸勦佞,不為過耳。」梅伯聽紂王之言,不覺厲聲奏曰:「臣聞堯王治天下,應天而順人;言聽於文官,計從於武將,一日一朝,共談安民治國之道;去讒遠色,共樂太平。今陛下半載不朝,樂於深宮,朝朝飲宴,夜夜歡娛,不理朝政,不容諫章。臣聞「君如腹心,臣如手足」,心正則手足正,心不正則手足歪邪。古語有云:『臣正君邪,國患難治。」杜元銑乃治世之忠良。陛下若斬元銑而廢先王之大臣,聽豔妃之言,有傷國家之梁棟,臣願主公赦杜元銑毫末之生,使文武仰聖君之大德。」

伯乃外官,及至寿仙宫门首,便自俯伏。奉御官启奏:「商容、梅伯候旨。」王曰:「商容乃三世之老臣,进内可赦;梅伯擅进内廷,不遵国法。」传旨:「宣!」商容在前,梅伯随后,进宫俯伏。王问曰:「二卿有何奏章?」梅伯口称:「陛下!臣梅伯具疏,杜元铣何事干犯国法,致于赐死?」王曰:「杜元铣与方士通谋,架捏妖言,摇惑军民,播乱朝政,污蔑朝廷。身为大臣,不思报本酬恩,而反诈言妖魅,蒙蔽欺君,律法当诛,除奸勦佞,不为过耳。」梅伯听纣王之言,不觉厉声奏曰:「臣闻尧王治天下,应天而顺人;言听于文官,计从于武将,一日一朝,共谈安民治国之道;去谗远色,共乐太平。今陛下半载不朝,乐于深宫,朝朝饮宴,夜夜欢娱,不理朝政,不容谏章。臣闻「君如腹心,臣如手足」,心正则手足正,心不正则手足歪邪。古语有云:『臣正君邪,国患难治。」杜元铣乃治世之忠良。陛下若斩元铣而废先王之大臣,听艳妃之言,有伤国家之梁栋,臣愿主公赦杜元铣毫末之生,使文武仰圣君之大德。」

Mei Bo was an official of the outer court, so when he reached the gate of the Shouxian Palace he prostrated himself there. The chamberlain announced, “Shang Rong and Mei Bo await Your Majesty’s command.” The king said, “Shang Rong is an old minister who has served three reigns; his coming into the inner palace may be pardoned. But Mei Bo has entered the inner court without leave, against the law of the land.” He sent out the command: “Summon them!” Shang Rong in front and Mei Bo behind, they came into the palace and prostrated themselves. The king asked, “What have you two ministers to put before Us?” “Your Majesty!” said Mei Bo. “Your servant Mei Bo submits this petition: in what way has Du Yuanxian broken the law of the land, that he should be condemned to death?” The king said, “Du Yuanxian conspired with a conjurer to concoct talk of demons, to unsettle the army and the people, throw the government into disorder and slander the court. A great minister of state, instead of thinking how to repay the kindness he has received, he tells lying tales of demons to blind and deceive his sovereign. The law demands his death. To root out villains and wipe out flatterers is no excess.” When Mei Bo heard King Zhou’s words, before he knew it his voice rose sharply: “Your servant has heard that when King Yao ruled the realm, he answered to Heaven and was in accord with the people. He heeded the words of his civil officials and followed the plans of his military officers. He held court once every day, and together they discussed the way to keep the people at peace and govern the state; he put away slanderers and kept far from women, and together they enjoyed the great peace. Now Your Majesty has not held court for half a year. You take your pleasure deep in the palace, feasting every morning and revelling every night; you pay no heed to the government and will not suffer remonstrance. Your servant has heard: ‘The sovereign is the belly and heart, the ministers are the hands and feet.’ When the heart is upright, the hands and feet are upright; when the heart is not upright, the hands and feet go crooked. An old saying has it: ‘When the minister is upright and the sovereign wicked, the troubles of the state are hard to cure.’ Du Yuanxian is a loyal and good minister, one who could bring order to the age. If Your Majesty beheads Du Yuanxian, casting away a great minister of the late king and listening to the words of a seductive consort, you will do harm to the beams and pillars of the state. Your servant begs you, my lord, to spare Du Yuanxian a hair’s breadth of life, and let the officials, civil and military, look up to the great virtue of a sage sovereign.”

紂王聽言:「梅伯與元銑一黨,違法進宮,不分內外,本當與元銑一例典刑,奈前侍朕有勞,姑免其罪,削其上大夫,永不敘用!」梅伯厲聲大言曰:「昏君聽妲己之言,失君臣之義,今斬元銑,豈是斬元銑,寔斬朝歌萬民!今罷梅伯之職,輕如灰塵。這何足惜!但不忍成湯數百年基業喪於昏君之手!今聞太師北征,朝綱無統,百事混淆。昏君日聽讒佞之臣,左右蔽惑,與妲己在深宮,日夜荒淫,眼見天下變亂,臣無面見先帝於黃壤也!」紂王大怒,著奉御官:「把梅伯拿下去,用金瓜擊頂!」兩邊纔待動手,妲己曰:「妾有奏章。」王曰:「美人有何奏朕?」──「妾啟主公:人臣立殿,張眉豎目,詈語侮君,大逆不道,亂倫反常,非一死可贖者也。且將梅伯權禁囹圄,妾治一刑,杜狡臣之瀆奏,除邪言之亂正。」紂王問曰:「此刑何樣?」妲己曰:「此刑約高二丈,圓八尺,上、中、下用三火門,將銅造成,如銅柱一般;裏邊用炭火燒紅。卻將妖言惑眾、利口侮君、不尊法度、無事妄生諫章、與諸般違法者,跣剝官服,將鐵索纏身,裹圍銅柱之上,只炮烙四肢筋骨,不須臾,煙盡骨消,盡成灰燼。此刑名曰『炮烙』。若無此酷刑,奸猾之臣,沽名之輩,盡玩法紀,皆不知戒懼。」紂王曰:「美人之法,可謂盡善盡美!」即命傳旨:「將杜元銑梟首示眾,以戒妖言;將梅伯禁於囹圄。」又傳旨意:「照樣造炮烙刑具,限作速完成。」首相商容觀紂王將行無道,任信妲己,竟造炮烙,在壽仙宮前歎曰:「今觀天下大事去矣!只是成湯懋敬厥德,一片小心,承天永命;豈知傳至當今天子,一旦無道。眼見七廟不守,社稷坵墟。我何忍見!」又聽妲己造炮烙之刑,商容俯伏奏曰:「臣啟陛下:天下大事已定,國家萬事康寧。老臣衰朽,不堪重任,恐失於顛倒,得罪於陛下,懇乞念臣侍君三世,數載揆席,實愧素餐,陛下雖不即賜罷斥,其如臣之庸老何。望陛下赦臣殘軀,放歸田里,得含哺鼓腹於光天之下,皆陛下所賜之餘年也。」紂王見商容辭官,不居相位,王慰勞曰:「卿雖暮年,尚自矍鑠,無奈卿苦苦固辭,但卿朝綱勞苦,數載殷懃,朕甚不忍。」即命隨侍官:「傳朕旨意,點文官二員,四表禮,送卿榮歸故里。仍著本地方官不時存問。」商容謝恩出朝。

纣王听言:「梅伯与元铣一党,违法进宫,不分内外,本当与元铣一例典刑,奈前侍朕有劳,姑免其罪,削其上大夫,永不叙用!」梅伯厉声大言曰:「昏君听妲己之言,失君臣之义,今斩元铣,岂是斩元铣,寔斩朝歌万民!今罢梅伯之职,轻如灰尘。这何足惜!但不忍成汤数百年基业丧于昏君之手!今闻太师北征,朝纲无统,百事混淆。昏君日听谗佞之臣,左右蔽惑,与妲己在深宫,日夜荒淫,眼见天下变乱,臣无面见先帝于黄壤也!」纣王大怒,着奉御官:「把梅伯拿下去,用金瓜击顶!」两边才待动手,妲己曰:「妾有奏章。」王曰:「美人有何奏朕?」──「妾启主公:人臣立殿,张眉竖目,詈语侮君,大逆不道,乱伦反常,非一死可赎者也。且将梅伯权禁囹圄,妾治一刑,杜狡臣之渎奏,除邪言之乱正。」纣王问曰:「此刑何样?」妲己曰:「此刑约高二丈,圆八尺,上、中、下用三火门,将铜造成,如铜柱一般;里边用炭火烧红。却将妖言惑众、利口侮君、不尊法度、无事妄生谏章、与诸般违法者,跣剥官服,将铁索缠身,裹围铜柱之上,只炮烙四肢筋骨,不须臾,烟尽骨消,尽成灰烬。此刑名曰『炮烙』。若无此酷刑,奸猾之臣,沽名之辈,尽玩法纪,皆不知戒惧。」纣王曰:「美人之法,可谓尽善尽美!」即命传旨:「将杜元铣枭首示众,以戒妖言;将梅伯禁于囹圄。」又传旨意:「照样造炮烙刑具,限作速完成。」首相商容观纣王将行无道,任信妲己,竟造炮烙,在寿仙宫前叹曰:「今观天下大事去矣!只是成汤懋敬厥德,一片小心,承天永命;岂知传至当今天子,一旦无道。眼见七庙不守,社稷坵墟。我何忍见!」又听妲己造炮烙之刑,商容俯伏奏曰:「臣启陛下:天下大事已定,国家万事康宁。老臣衰朽,不堪重任,恐失于颠倒,得罪于陛下,恳乞念臣侍君三世,数载揆席,实愧素餐,陛下虽不即赐罢斥,其如臣之庸老何。望陛下赦臣残躯,放归田里,得含哺鼓腹于光天之下,皆陛下所赐之余年也。」纣王见商容辞官,不居相位,王慰劳曰:「卿虽暮年,尚自矍铄,无奈卿苦苦固辞,但卿朝纲劳苦,数载殷懃,朕甚不忍。」即命随侍官:「传朕旨意,点文官二员,四表礼,送卿荣归故里。仍着本地方官不时存问。」商容谢恩出朝。

King Zhou heard him out. “Mei Bo is of one faction with Du Yuanxian. He has broken the law by entering the palace, making no distinction between inner and outer. By rights he should suffer the same punishment as Du Yuanxian; but since he has served Us diligently in the past, We will spare him for now. Strip him of his rank as Senior Counsellor, never to be employed again!” Mei Bo shouted at the top of his voice, “You benighted king! You listen to Daji and fail in the duty between sovereign and subject. Today you behead Du Yuanxian — but it is not Du Yuanxian you behead; truly, it is all the people of Zhaoge! As for dismissing me, Mei Bo, from my post, that is as light as dust and ashes: what is there in that to regret? But I cannot bear to see Cheng Tang’s inheritance of several hundred years lost at the hands of a benighted king! Now that Grand Preceptor Wen has gone north to war, the court has no one to hold it together, and every affair is in confusion. Day after day you, benighted king, listen to slanderers and flatterers, those around you blind and mislead you, and you lie deep in the palace with Daji, sunk in debauchery night and day. I can see the realm falling into chaos before my eyes, and I shall have no face to meet the late king beneath the yellow earth!” King Zhou flew into a rage and ordered the chamberlains, “Take Mei Bo away and smash his skull with the golden melons!” The men on either side were just about to lay hands on him when Daji said, “Your handmaid has a proposal.” “What do you propose to Us, my beauty?” said the king. “Your handmaid begs to tell you, my lord: a subject who stands in the hall glaring with brows raised and eyes wide, cursing and insulting his sovereign, is guilty of the most heinous treason, an outrage against all order and nature; one death cannot atone for it. Let Mei Bo be held in prison for now. Your handmaid will devise a punishment to put a stop to the impudent memorials of crafty ministers and do away with wicked words that confound what is right.” King Zhou asked, “What kind of punishment is this?” Daji said, “It stands about twenty feet high and is eight feet round, with three fire doors, at the top, in the middle and at the bottom. It is cast in bronze, in the shape of a bronze pillar, and inside it charcoal is burned red-hot. Then all who mislead the people with talk of demons, insult their sovereign with glib tongues, do not respect the laws, presume to write remonstrances when nothing is amiss, or break the law in any other way are stripped of their official robes and their shoes, wrapped in iron chains and bound fast around the bronze pillar. It roasts and sears their limbs, sinews and bones, and in no time at all the smoke is spent and the bones melt away, and they are nothing but ashes. This punishment is called ‘the burning pillar’. Without so cruel a punishment, crafty and slippery ministers and men who angle for fame will all make light of the law, and none will know fear.” King Zhou said, “My beauty, your method can truly be called perfect in beauty and perfect in goodness!” At once he had a decree sent out: “Behead Du Yuanxian and hang up his head for all to see, as a warning against talk of demons; hold Mei Bo in prison.” And another decree: “Make the instrument of the burning pillar to this pattern, and finish it with all speed.” The First Chancellor Shang Rong, seeing that King Zhou was set on wickedness, trusting Daji in everything and even building the burning pillar, sighed in front of the Shouxian Palace: “Now I see that the great cause of the realm is lost! Cheng Tang strove to be reverent in his virtue and was careful in all things, and so he received Heaven’s lasting mandate. Who could have known that when it came down to the present Son of Heaven, all at once he would abandon the Way? I can see the seven ancestral temples lost and the altars of the state a heap of ruins. How can I bear to see it!” And hearing that Daji was having the burning pillar made, Shang Rong prostrated himself and said, “Your servant begs to tell Your Majesty: the great affairs of the realm are settled, and all is well and at peace in the state. Your old servant is feeble and decrepit and no longer equal to so heavy a charge. I fear I may blunder and give offence to Your Majesty. I earnestly beg you to remember that your servant has served three reigns and held the chancellor’s seat these many years, truly ashamed to eat the bread of idleness. Even if Your Majesty does not dismiss me at once, what is to be done about your servant’s dull old age? I hope Your Majesty will spare what is left of me and let me go home to my fields and village, to eat my fill and drum on my belly under the bright sky. Whatever years remain to me will all be Your Majesty’s gift.” Seeing Shang Rong resign his office and decline to stay on as chancellor, the king spoke to him kindly: “Though you are in the evening of your years, minister, you are still hale and vigorous. But since you are so set on resigning, there is nothing We can do. Still, you have laboured long at the business of the court, devoted and diligent these many years, and it grieves Us to let you go.” At once he ordered the attending officer: “Send out Our decree: two civil officials are to be appointed, with four gifts of silk, to escort you home in glory to your native place. And the local officials there are to call on you from time to time and ask after you.” Shang Rong gave thanks for the king’s grace and left the court.

不一時,百官俱知首相商容致政榮歸,各來遠送。當有黃飛虎、比干、微子、箕子、微子啟、微子衍各官,俱在十里長亭餞別。商容見百官在長亭等候,只得下馬。只見七位親王,把手一舉:「老丞相今日固是榮歸,你為一國元老,如何下得這般毒意,就把成湯社稷拋棄一旁,揚鞭而去,於心安乎!」商容泣而言曰:「列位殿下,眾位先生,商容縱粉骨碎身,難報國恩,這一死何足為惜,而偷安苟免。今天子信任妲己,無端造惡,製造炮烙酷刑,拒諫殺忠,商容力諫不聽,又不能挽回聖意。不日天愁民怨,禍亂自生,商容進不足以輔君,死適足以彰過,不得已讓位待罪,俟賢才俊彥,大展經綸,以救禍亂,此容本心,非敢遠君而先身謀也。列位殿下所賜,商容立飲一杯。此別料還有會期。」乃持杯作詩一首,以誌後會之期:詩曰:

不一时,百官俱知首相商容致政荣归,各来远送。当有黄飞虎、比干、微子、箕子、微子启、微子衍各官,俱在十里长亭饯别。商容见百官在长亭等候,只得下马。只见七位亲王,把手一举:「老丞相今日固是荣归,你为一国元老,如何下得这般毒意,就把成汤社稷抛弃一旁,扬鞭而去,于心安乎!」商容泣而言曰:「列位殿下,众位先生,商容纵粉骨碎身,难报国恩,这一死何足为惜,而偷安苟免。今天子信任妲己,无端造恶,制造炮烙酷刑,拒谏杀忠,商容力谏不听,又不能挽回圣意。不日天愁民怨,祸乱自生,商容进不足以辅君,死适足以彰过,不得已让位待罪,俟贤才俊彦,大展经纶,以救祸乱,此容本心,非敢远君而先身谋也。列位殿下所赐,商容立饮一杯。此别料还有会期。」乃持杯作诗一首,以志后会之期:诗曰:

Before long all the officials knew that the First Chancellor Shang Rong had retired from office and was going home in glory, and they all came to see him off on his way. Huang Feihu, Bi Gan, Weizi, Jizi, Weizi Qi, Weizi Yan and the other officials were all at the Long Pavilion, ten li out of the city, to give him a farewell feast. Seeing the officials waiting at the Long Pavilion, Shang Rong had no choice but to dismount. The seven princes raised their hands in salute: “Venerable Chancellor, today you go home in glory, to be sure. But you are the elder statesman of the whole realm — how can you have the heart to be so cruel, tossing the house of Tang aside, cracking your whip and riding away? Is your heart at peace with that?” Shang Rong wept as he said, “Your Highnesses, gentlemen: even were I, Shang Rong, ground to powder and broken to pieces, I could never repay what I owe the state. Why should I grudge a single death, and steal a safe life by slipping away? But now the Son of Heaven trusts Daji and does evil without cause. He has made the cruel punishment of the burning pillar; he rejects remonstrance and kills the loyal. I remonstrated with all my might, but he would not listen, and I could not turn his royal mind. Before long Heaven will grieve and the people complain, and calamity and disorder will arise of themselves. If I stay on, I am not enough to help my sovereign; if I die, it will only make his faults more glaring. So I have no choice but to give up my post and await punishment, until some worthy man of talent and brilliance comes forward to show his statecraft to the full and save us from calamity and disorder. That is what is truly in my heart: I would never dare go far from my sovereign to look after my own safety first. Your Highnesses have offered me wine; I will drink a cup at once. After this parting, I trust, there will still be a day when we meet again.” Then, cup in hand, he made a poem to mark the promise of their next meeting. It says:

「蒙君十里送歸程,把酒長亭淚已傾。回首天顏成隔世,歸來畎畝祝神京。

「蒙君十里送归程,把酒长亭泪已倾。回首天颜成隔世,归来畎亩祝神京。

“You honour me, sirs, seeing me ten li on my homeward road;wine in hand at the Long Pavilion, my tears are already falling.I look back: the royal face is now a world away;home among the furrows, I shall pray for the divine capital.

丹心難化龍逄血;赤日空消夏桀名。幾度話來多悒怏,何年重訴別離情?」

丹心难化龙逄血;赤日空消夏桀名。几度话来多悒怏,何年重诉别离情?」

A loyal red heart is hard to turn into Longpang’s blood;in vain the red sun wore away the name of Jie of Xia.How often, as we talked of these things, were our hearts heavy!In what year shall we tell again the sorrow of this parting?”

商容作詩已畢,百官無不灑淚而別。商容上馬前去,各官俱回朝歌。不表。

商容作诗已毕,百官无不洒泪而别。商容上马前去,各官俱回朝歌。不表。

When Shang Rong had finished his poem, there was not one of the officials who did not shed tears at the parting. Shang Rong mounted his horse and went on his way, and the officials all went back to Zhaoge. But no more of that.

話言紂王在宮歡樂,朝政荒亂。不一日,監造炮烙官啟奏功完。紂王大悅,問妲己曰:「銅柱造完,如何處置?」妲己命取來過目。監造官將炮烙銅柱推來:黃鄧鄧的高二丈,圓八尺,三層火門,下有二滾盤,推動好行。紂王觀之,指妲己而笑曰:「美人神傳,秘授奇法,真治世之寶!待朕明日臨朝,先將梅伯炮烙殿前,使百官知懼,自不敢阻撓新法,章牘煩擾。」一宿不題。

话言纣王在宫欢乐,朝政荒乱。不一日,监造炮烙官启奏功完。纣王大悦,问妲己曰:「铜柱造完,如何处置?」妲己命取来过目。监造官将炮烙铜柱推来:黄邓邓的高二丈,圆八尺,三层火门,下有二滚盘,推动好行。纣王观之,指妲己而笑曰:「美人神传,秘授奇法,真治世之宝!待朕明日临朝,先将梅伯炮烙殿前,使百官知惧,自不敢阻挠新法,章牍烦扰。」一宿不题。

Now, King Zhou took his pleasure in the palace, and the government went to ruin. Before many days had passed, the officer overseeing the work reported that the burning pillar was finished. King Zhou was delighted and asked Daji, “The bronze pillar is made. What shall we do with it?” Daji had it brought for her to see. The overseer had the bronze pillar wheeled in: gleaming yellow, twenty feet high and eight feet round, with three tiers of fire doors and two rolling wheels beneath, so that it could easily be pushed along. King Zhou looked at it, pointed at Daji and laughed. “My beauty, this marvellous method, handed down by the gods and taught in secret, is truly a treasure for governing the world! Tomorrow, when We hold court, We shall start by burning Mei Bo on it before the hall, so that the officials learn fear. Then of course they will not dare to stand in the way of Our new laws or pester Us with memorials.” Of that night nothing more is told.

次日,紂王設朝,鐘鼓齊鳴,聚兩班文武朝賀已畢。武成王黃飛虎見殿東二十根大銅柱,不知此物新設何用。王曰:「傳旨把梅伯拿出!」執殿官去拿梅伯。紂王命把炮烙銅柱推來,將三層火門用炭架起,又用巨扇搧那炭火,把一根銅柱火燒的通紅。眾官不知其故。午門官啟奏:「梅伯已至午門。」王曰:「拿來!」兩班文武看梅伯垢面蓬頭,身穿縞素,上殿跪下,口稱:「臣梅伯參見陛下。」紂王曰:「匹夫!你看看此物是甚麼東西?」梅大夫觀看,不知此物,對曰:「臣不知此物。」紂王笑曰:「你只知內殿侮君,仗你利口,誣言毀罵。朕躬治此新刑,名曰:『炮烙。』匹夫!今日九間殿前炮烙你,教你筋骨成灰!使狂妄之徒,如侮謗人君者,以梅伯為例耳。」梅伯聽言,大叫,罵曰:「昏君!梅伯死輕如鴻毛,有何惜哉!我梅伯官居上大夫,三朝舊臣,今得何罪,遭此慘刑?只是可憐成湯天下,喪於昏君之手!久以後將何面目見汝之先王耳!」紂王大怒,將梅伯剝去衣服,赤身將鐵索綁縛其手足,抱住銅柱。可憐梅伯,大叫一聲,其氣已絕。只見九間殿上烙得皮膚筋骨,臭不可聞,不一時化為灰燼。可憐一片忠心,半生赤膽,直言諫君,遭此慘禍!正是:

一點丹心歸大海,芳名留得萬年揚。」

後人看此,有詩歎曰:

次日,纣王设朝,钟鼓齐鸣,聚两班文武朝贺已毕。武成王黄飞虎见殿东二十根大铜柱,不知此物新设何用。王曰:「传旨把梅伯拿出!」执殿官去拿梅伯。纣王命把炮烙铜柱推来,将三层火门用炭架起,又用巨扇扇那炭火,把一根铜柱火烧的通红。众官不知其故。午门官启奏:「梅伯已至午门。」王曰:「拿来!」两班文武看梅伯垢面蓬头,身穿缟素,上殿跪下,口称:「臣梅伯参见陛下。」纣王曰:「匹夫!你看看此物是甚么东西?」梅大夫观看,不知此物,对曰:「臣不知此物。」纣王笑曰:「你只知内殿侮君,仗你利口,诬言毁骂。朕躬治此新刑,名曰:『炮烙。』匹夫!今日九间殿前炮烙你,教你筋骨成灰!使狂妄之徒,如侮谤人君者,以梅伯为例耳。」梅伯听言,大叫,骂曰:「昏君!梅伯死轻如鸿毛,有何惜哉!我梅伯官居上大夫,三朝旧臣,今得何罪,遭此惨刑?只是可怜成汤天下,丧于昏君之手!久以后将何面目见汝之先王耳!」纣王大怒,将梅伯剥去衣服,赤身将铁索绑缚其手足,抱住铜柱。可怜梅伯,大叫一声,其气已绝。只见九间殿上烙得皮肤筋骨,臭不可闻,不一时化为灰烬。可怜一片忠心,半生赤胆,直言谏君,遭此惨祸!正是:

一点丹心归大海,芳名留得万年扬。」

后人看此,有诗叹曰:

The next day King Zhou held court. The bells and drums sounded together, and the officials of both ranks, civil and military, gathered and offered their greetings. Huang Feihu, Prince Wucheng, saw twenty great bronze pillars on the east side of the hall and did not know what these new things had been set there for. The king said, “Pass on Our order: bring out Mei Bo!” The officers of the hall went to fetch Mei Bo. King Zhou had the bronze burning pillars wheeled forward. Charcoal was heaped up in the three tiers of fire doors and fanned with huge fans until one of the bronze pillars glowed red-hot. None of the officials knew what it was for. The officer of the Meridian Gate announced, “Mei Bo has arrived at the Meridian Gate.” “Bring him in!” said the king. The officials of both ranks watched as Mei Bo, his face filthy and his hair matted, dressed in plain white, came up into the hall and knelt. “Your servant Mei Bo pays his respects to Your Majesty,” he said. King Zhou said, “Churl! Take a look at this. What do you think it is?” Counsellor Mei looked but did not know what it was. “Your servant does not know what it is,” he answered. King Zhou laughed. “All you know is how to insult your sovereign in the inner hall, relying on your glib tongue to slander and revile. We Ourself have devised this new punishment. It is called ‘the burning pillar’. Churl! Today, before the Nine-Bay Hall, We shall burn you on it and turn your sinews and bones to ashes! Let every reckless fool who would insult and slander his sovereign take Mei Bo as his example.” When Mei Bo heard this, he gave a great shout and cursed him: “You benighted king! The death of Mei Bo is as light as a goose feather — what is there to regret? I, Mei Bo, hold the rank of Senior Counsellor and have served three reigns. What crime have I committed today, to suffer so cruel a punishment? It is only a pity that the realm of Cheng Tang should be lost at the hands of a benighted king! In the days to come, with what face will you meet your forefathers, the kings before you?” King Zhou flew into a rage. He had Mei Bo stripped of his clothes, bound hand and foot with iron chains, naked as he was, and made to clasp the bronze pillar. Poor Mei Bo! He gave one great cry, and his breath was gone. There in the Nine-Bay Hall his skin, sinews and bones were seared, with a stench too foul to bear, and in a short while he was burned to ashes. Alas for that loyal heart, that half a lifetime of red-blooded courage, which spoke plainly to its sovereign and met with so cruel an end! Truly:

one speck of red heart goes back to the great sea,but his fair name will be left to be praised for ten thousand years.

Later generations, reading of this, lamented it in a poem:

血肉殘軀盡化灰,丹心耿耿燭三台。生平正直無偏黨,死後英魂亦壯哉。

血肉残躯尽化灰,丹心耿耿烛三台。生平正直无偏党,死后英魂亦壮哉。

His broken body of flesh and blood was all turned to ash,but his red heart, steadfast and shining, lights up the Three Terraces.All his life he was upright, beholden to no faction;in death, too, how valiant is his heroic spirit!

烈焰俱隨亡國盡,芳名多傍史官裁。可憐太白懸旗日,怎似先生歎雋才?

烈焰俱随亡国尽,芳名多傍史官裁。可怜太白悬旗日,怎似先生叹隽才?

The fierce flames will all go out with the fallen kingdom;his fair name rests much on the historians’ judgement.Alas for the day the great white banner is hung:how unlike you, sir, mourned for your rare gifts!

話說紂王將梅伯炮烙在九間大殿之前,阻塞忠良諫諍之口,以為新刑稀奇;但不知兩班文武觀見此刑,梅伯慘死,無不恐懼,人人有退縮之心,個個有不為官之意。紂王駕回壽仙宮。不表。

话说纣王将梅伯炮烙在九间大殿之前,阻塞忠良谏诤之口,以为新刑稀奇;但不知两班文武观见此刑,梅伯惨死,无不恐惧,人人有退缩之心,个个有不为官之意。纣王驾回寿仙宫。不表。

Now, King Zhou had burned Mei Bo on the pillar before the great Nine-Bay Hall to stop the mouths of loyal and good men who would remonstrate, and he thought his new punishment a rare marvel. What he did not know was that when the officials of both ranks, civil and military, saw this punishment and Mei Bo’s cruel death, there was not one of them who was not afraid: every man had a mind to shrink back, and every one a mind to give up his office. King Zhou went back to the Shouxian Palace. But no more of that.

且言眾大臣俱至午門外,內有微子、箕子、比干對武成王黃飛虎曰:「天下荒荒,北海動搖,聞太師為國遠征,不意天子任信妲己,造此炮烙之刑,殘害忠良,若使播揚四方,天下諸侯聞之,如之奈何!」黃飛虎聞言,將五柳長鬚撚在手內,大怒曰:「三位殿下,據我末將看將起來,此炮烙不是炮烙大臣,乃烙的是紂王江山,炮的是成湯社稷。古云道得好:『君之視臣如手足,則臣視君如腹心;君之視臣如土芥,則臣視君如寇讎。』今主上不行仁政,以非刑加上大夫,不出數年,必有禍亂。我等豈忍坐視敗亡之理?」眾官俱各各嗟歎而散,各歸府宅。

且言众大臣俱至午门外,内有微子、箕子、比干对武成王黄飞虎曰:「天下荒荒,北海动摇,闻太师为国远征,不意天子任信妲己,造此炮烙之刑,残害忠良,若使播扬四方,天下诸侯闻之,如之奈何!」黄飞虎闻言,将五柳长须撚在手内,大怒曰:「三位殿下,据我末将看将起来,此炮烙不是炮烙大臣,乃烙的是纣王江山,炮的是成汤社稷。古云道得好:『君之视臣如手足,则臣视君如腹心;君之视臣如土芥,则臣视君如寇雠。』今主上不行仁政,以非刑加上大夫,不出数年,必有祸乱。我等岂忍坐视败亡之理?」众官俱各各嗟叹而散,各归府宅。

Meanwhile, the great ministers had all come out beyond the Meridian Gate. Among them Weizi, Jizi and Bi Gan said to Huang Feihu, Prince Wucheng, “The realm is in turmoil, the North Sea is in upheaval, and Grand Preceptor Wen has gone far away to war for the state. Who would have thought the Son of Heaven would put his trust in Daji, make this burning pillar and cruelly destroy his loyal and good ministers? If word of this spreads to the four quarters and the lords of the realm hear of it, what then?” When Huang Feihu heard this, he took the five long strands of his beard in his hand and twisted them, and said in a great rage, “Your Highnesses, as this humble officer sees it, this burning pillar does not roast and sear a great minister: what it sears is King Zhou’s own realm, and what it roasts is the house of Tang. The ancients put it well: ‘When the sovereign regards his ministers as his hands and feet, the ministers regard their sovereign as their belly and heart; when the sovereign regards his ministers as dirt and grass, the ministers regard their sovereign as a bandit and an enemy.’ Now His Majesty does not govern with humanity and has inflicted a punishment beyond the law on a Senior Counsellor. Within a few years there is sure to be calamity and disorder. How can we bear to sit by and watch it go to ruin?” The officials all sighed and went their ways, each home to his residence.

且言紂王回宮,妲己迎接聖駕。紂王下輦,攜妲己手而言曰:「美人妙策,朕今日殿前炮烙了梅伯,使眾臣俱不敢出頭強諫,鉗口結舌,唯唯而退。是此炮烙乃治國之奇寶也。」傳旨:「設宴與美人賀功。」其時笙簧雜奏,簫管齊鳴。紂王與妲己在壽仙宮,百般作樂,無限歡娛,不覺樵樓鼓角二更,樂聲不息。有陣風將此樂音送到中宮,姜皇后尚未寢,只聽樂聲聒耳,問左右宮人:「這時候那裏作樂?」兩邊宮人答:「娘娘,這是壽仙宮蘇美人與天子飲宴未散。」姜皇后歎曰:「昨聞天子信妲己,造炮烙,殘害梅伯,慘不可言。我想這賤人,蠱惑聖聰,引誘人君,肆行不道。」即命乘輦:「待我往壽仙宮走一遭。」──看官,此一去,未免有娥眉見妒之意,只怕是非從此起,災禍目前生。不知後事如何,且聽下回分解。

且言纣王回宫,妲己迎接圣驾。纣王下辇,携妲己手而言曰:「美人妙策,朕今日殿前炮烙了梅伯,使众臣俱不敢出头强谏,钳口结舌,唯唯而退。是此炮烙乃治国之奇宝也。」传旨:「设宴与美人贺功。」其时笙簧杂奏,箫管齐鸣。纣王与妲己在寿仙宫,百般作乐,无限欢娱,不觉樵楼鼓角二更,乐声不息。有阵风将此乐音送到中宫,姜皇后尚未寝,只听乐声聒耳,问左右宫人:「这时候那里作乐?」两边宫人答:「娘娘,这是寿仙宫苏美人与天子饮宴未散。」姜皇后叹曰:「昨闻天子信妲己,造炮烙,残害梅伯,惨不可言。我想这贱人,蛊惑圣聪,引诱人君,肆行不道。」即命乘辇:「待我往寿仙宫走一遭。」──看官,此一去,未免有娥眉见妒之意,只怕是非从此起,灾祸目前生。不知后事如何,且听下回分解。

Our story turns to King Zhou. When he came back to the palace, Daji came out to meet His Majesty. King Zhou stepped down from his carriage, took Daji by the hand and said, “My beauty, that was a marvellous plan. Today We burned Mei Bo on the pillar before the hall, and none of the ministers dared put himself forward to remonstrate: they clamped their mouths shut, held their tongues and withdrew with nothing but ‘Yes, yes.’ This burning pillar is truly a wondrous treasure for governing the state.” He gave the order: “Lay a feast, to celebrate my beauty’s achievement.” Then mouth organs and reeds played together, and flutes and pipes sounded in unison. In the Shouxian Palace King Zhou and Daji made merry in every way, in pleasure without end, until before they knew it the drums and horns of the watchtower had sounded the second watch, and still the music did not stop. A gust of wind carried the music to the Central Palace, where Queen Jiang had not yet gone to bed. Hearing the music clamouring in her ears, she asked the palace women about her, “Where is that music coming from at this hour?” The palace women answered, “Your Majesty, it is Lady Su of the Shouxian Palace, still feasting with the Son of Heaven.” Queen Jiang sighed. “Yesterday I heard that the Son of Heaven, trusting Daji, has built the burning pillar and cruelly done Mei Bo to death — a horror beyond words. As I see it, this vile woman is bewitching His Majesty’s judgement and leading her sovereign astray, doing whatever wickedness she pleases.” At once she called for her carriage: “I shall go to the Shouxian Palace myself.” — Mark this, reader: in going there she could hardly help seeming jealous of a beauty, and I fear that trouble will start from this, and disaster is at hand. To learn what happened next, read the next chapter.

阅读设置

字号
主题

界面语言

简体中文