第八十八回第八十八回Chapter Eighty-Eight

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禪到玉華施法會心猿木土授門人

禅到玉华施法会心猿木土授门人

Chapter Eighty-Eight · Journey to the West

The Buddhist master reaches Jade Splendour and holds a Dharma assembly;The Mind-Ape, Wood and Earth teach their disciples

A line drawing in the manner of a late-Qing lithographed edition: by day in a palace courtyard, three pilgrims, a monkey, a pig and a bearded monk, stand on scrolling clouds in the sky wielding an iron staff, a nine-toothed rake and a heavy staff, while three young princes kneel below with hands pressed together and faces turned up, their weapons lying on the paving before a pavilion, a round gate and a pine.

話說唐僧喜喜歡歡別了郡侯,在馬上向行者道:「賢徒,這一場善果,真勝似比丘國搭救兒童,皆爾之功也。」沙僧道:「比丘國只救得一千一百一十一個小兒,怎似這場大雨,滂沱浸潤,活夠者萬萬千千性命?弟子也暗自稱讚大師兄的法力通天,慈恩蓋地也。」八戒笑道:「哥的恩也有,善也有,卻只是外施仁義,內包禍心。但與老豬走,就要作踐人。」行者道:「我在那裡作踐你?」八戒道:「也夠了,也夠了。常照顧我綑,照顧我吊,照顧我煮,照顧我蒸。今在鳳仙郡施了恩惠與萬萬之人,就該住上半年,帶挈我吃幾頓自在飽飯,卻只管催促行路。」長老聞言,喝道:「這個獃子,怎麼只思量擄嘴?快走路,再莫鬥口。」八戒不敢言,掬掬嘴,挑著行囊,打著哈哈,師徒們奔上大路。此時光景如梭,又值深秋之候,但見:

水痕收,山骨瘦。紅葉紛飛,黃花時候。霜晴覺夜長,月白穿窗透。家家煙火夕陽多,處處湖光寒水溜。白蘋香,紅蓼茂。橘綠橙黃,柳衰穀秀。荒村雁落碎蘆花,野店雞聲收菽豆。

四眾行夠多時,又見城垣影影。長老舉鞭遙指叫:「悟空,你看那裡又有一座城池,卻不知是甚去處?」行者道:「你我俱未曾到,何以知之?且行至邊前問人。」說不了,忽見樹叢裡走出一個老者,手持竹杖,身著輕衣,足踏一對棕鞋,腰束一條扁帶。慌得唐僧滾鞍下馬,上前道個問訊。那老者扶杖還禮道:「長老那方來的?」唐僧合掌道:「貧僧東土唐朝差往雷音拜佛求經者。今至寶方,遙望城垣,不知是甚去處,特問老施主指教。」那老者聞言,口稱:「有道禪師,我這敝處乃天竺國下郡,地名玉華縣。縣中城主,就是天竺皇帝之宗室,封為玉華王。此王甚賢,專敬僧道,重愛黎民。老禪師若去相見,必有重敬。」三藏謝了,那老者徑穿樹林而去。

话说唐僧喜喜欢欢别了郡侯,在马上向行者道:「贤徒,这一场善果,真胜似比丘国搭救儿童,皆尔之功也。」沙僧道:「比丘国只救得一千一百一十一个小儿,怎似这场大雨,滂沱浸润,活够者万万千千性命?弟子也暗自称赞大师兄的法力通天,慈恩盖地也。」八戒笑道:「哥的恩也有,善也有,却只是外施仁义,内包祸心。但与老猪走,就要作践人。」行者道:「我在那里作践你?」八戒道:「也够了,也够了。常照顾我捆,照顾我吊,照顾我煮,照顾我蒸。今在凤仙郡施了恩惠与万万之人,就该住上半年,带挈我吃几顿自在饱饭,却只管催促行路。」长老闻言,喝道:「这个呆子,怎么只思量掳嘴?快走路,再莫斗口。」八戒不敢言,掬掬嘴,挑着行囊,打着哈哈,师徒们奔上大路。此时光景如梭,又值深秋之候,但见:

水痕收,山骨瘦。红叶纷飞,黄花时候。霜晴觉夜长,月白穿窗透。家家烟火夕阳多,处处湖光寒水溜。白苹香,红蓼茂。橘绿橙黄,柳衰谷秀。荒村雁落碎芦花,野店鸡声收菽豆。

四众行够多时,又见城垣影影。长老举鞭遥指叫:「悟空,你看那里又有一座城池,却不知是甚去处?」行者道:「你我俱未曾到,何以知之?且行至边前问人。」说不了,忽见树丛里走出一个老者,手持竹杖,身着轻衣,足踏一对棕鞋,腰束一条扁带。慌得唐僧滚鞍下马,上前道个问讯。那老者扶杖还礼道:「长老那方来的?」唐僧合掌道:「贫僧东土唐朝差往雷音拜佛求经者。今至宝方,遥望城垣,不知是甚去处,特问老施主指教。」那老者闻言,口称:「有道禅师,我这敝处乃天竺国下郡,地名玉华县。县中城主,就是天竺皇帝之宗室,封为玉华王。此王甚贤,专敬僧道,重爱黎民。老禅师若去相见,必有重敬。」三藏谢了,那老者径穿树林而去。

Now, the Tang Monk took a happy leave of the prefect and said to Pilgrim from his horse, “Worthy disciple, the good fruit of this deed truly surpasses our rescue of the children in the kingdom of Bhikshu. All the credit is yours.” Sha Monk said, “In the kingdom of Bhikshu we saved only one thousand one hundred and eleven children. How can that compare with this great rain, pouring down and soaking the earth, which has saved countless thousands upon thousands of lives? Your disciple, too, has been praising our eldest brother in his heart: his magic reaches Heaven, and his merciful kindness covers the earth.” Bajie laughed. “Brother has kindness, and goodness too, but he practises benevolence and righteousness on the outside while nursing wicked intentions within. Whenever he travels with Old Zhu, he has to make me suffer.” Pilgrim said, “When have I made you suffer?” Bajie said, “Often enough, often enough! You’re always looking out for me—seeing that I get tied up, seeing that I get strung up, seeing that I get boiled, seeing that I get steamed. Now that you’ve shown kindness to countless people in Phoenix Immortal Prefecture, you ought to stay there half a year and let me enjoy a few good meals till I’m comfortably full. Instead you keep hurrying us along.” Hearing this, the elder scolded him. “You idiot! Why do you think of nothing but stuffing your mouth? Get on with the journey, and no more bickering.” Bajie dared say nothing. He worked his snout, shouldered the baggage and yawned as master and disciples set off along the main road. Time flew like a shuttle, and once again it was late autumn. This is what they saw:

The waters shrink;the mountains’ bones grow lean.Red leaves fly in drifts;yellow flowers have their season.Frost-clear nights seem long;white moonlight pierces the windows.Smoke rises from every hearth beneath the setting sun;everywhere lakes gleam and cold waters flow.White water-clover is fragrant;red smartweed grows thick.Tangerines are green, oranges yellow;willows fade, and grain puts forth its ears.Geese settle by lonely villages, scattering reed blossom;cocks call at country inns as beans are gathered in.

The four pilgrims travelled for a good while and saw the dim outline of another city wall. Raising his whip to point into the distance, the elder called, “Wukong, look! There’s another walled city over there. What place can it be?” Pilgrim said, “Neither of us has been here before. How could we know? Let’s go closer and ask someone.” Before he had finished, an old man came out of a clump of trees, carrying a bamboo staff. He wore a light robe, a pair of palm-fibre shoes and a flat sash round his waist. The Tang Monk hastily slipped out of the saddle, dismounted and went forward with a monk’s greeting. Leaning on his staff, the old man returned it. “Where have you come from, elder?” The Tang Monk pressed his palms together. “This poor monk has been sent by the Tang court in the Eastern Land to the Thunderclap Monastery to worship the Buddha and seek scriptures. Now that I have reached your honoured district, I can see city walls in the distance but do not know what place they belong to. I beg you, venerable benefactor, to enlighten me.” At these words the old man said, “Master of the Way, this humble place is an outlying district of India, called Jade Splendour Prefecture. Its city’s ruler is a member of the Emperor of India’s own family, invested as Prince of Jade Splendour. He is a most worthy prince, especially respectful of Buddhist and Daoist clergy and deeply devoted to his people. If you go to see him, venerable master, he is certain to honour you generously.” Sanzang thanked him, and the old man went straight on through the woods.

三藏才轉身對徒弟備言前事。他三人欣喜,扶師父上馬。三藏道:「沒多路,不須乘馬。」四眾遂步至城邊街道觀看。原來那關廂人家,做買做賣的,人煙湊集,生意亦甚茂盛。觀其聲音相貌,與中華無異。三藏吩咐:「徒弟們謹慎,切不可放肆。」那八戒低了頭,沙僧掩著臉,惟孫行者攙著師父。兩邊人都來爭看,齊聲叫道:「我這裡只有降龍伏虎的高僧,不曾見降豬伏猴的和尚。」八戒忍不住,把嘴一掬道:「你們可曾看見降豬王的和尚?」諕得滿街上人跌跌𧿼𧿼,都往兩邊閃過。行者笑道:「獃子,快藏了嘴,莫裝扮,仔細腳下過橋。」那獃子低著頭,只是笑。過了吊橋,入城門內,又見那大街上酒樓歌館,熱鬧繁華,果然是神州都邑。有詩為證。詩曰:

錦城鐵瓮萬年堅,臨水依山色色鮮。百貨通湖船入市,千家沽酒店垂帘。樓臺處處人煙廣,巷陌朝朝客賈喧。不亞長安風景好,雞鳴犬吠亦般般。

三藏心中暗喜道:「人言西域諸番,更不曾到此。細觀此景,與我大唐何異?所謂極樂世界,誠此之謂也。」又聽得人說白米四錢一石,麻油八釐一斤,真是五穀豐登之處。

三藏才转身对徒弟备言前事。他三人欣喜,扶师父上马。三藏道:「没多路,不须乘马。」四众遂步至城边街道观看。原来那关厢人家,做买做卖的,人烟凑集,生意亦甚茂盛。观其声音相貌,与中华无异。三藏吩咐:「徒弟们谨慎,切不可放肆。」那八戒低了头,沙僧掩着脸,惟孙行者搀着师父。两边人都来争看,齐声叫道:「我这里只有降龙伏虎的高僧,不曾见降猪伏猴的和尚。」八戒忍不住,把嘴一掬道:「你们可曾看见降猪王的和尚?」諕得满街上人跌跌𧿼𧿼,都往两边闪过。行者笑道:「呆子,快藏了嘴,莫装扮,仔细脚下过桥。」那呆子低着头,只是笑。过了吊桥,入城门内,又见那大街上酒楼歌馆,热闹繁华,果然是神州都邑。有诗为证。诗曰:

锦城铁瓮万年坚,临水依山色色鲜。百货通湖船入市,千家沽酒店垂帘。楼台处处人烟广,巷陌朝朝客贾喧。不亚长安风景好,鸡鸣犬吠亦般般。

三藏心中暗喜道:「人言西域诸番,更不曾到此。细观此景,与我大唐何异?所谓极乐世界,诚此之谓也。」又听得人说白米四钱一石,麻油八厘一斤,真是五谷丰登之处。

Only then did Sanzang turn to his disciples and tell them all that had passed. Delighted, the three helped their master onto his horse. Sanzang said, “It isn’t far. There’s no need to ride.” So the four went on foot to look at the streets outside the city. The households in these outer suburbs bought and sold, the streets were crowded and trade was flourishing. In speech and appearance the people were no different from those of China. Sanzang warned his disciples, “Be careful, all of you. You mustn’t behave wildly.” Bajie lowered his head and Sha Monk covered his face; only Pilgrim Sun walked openly, supporting his master. People on both sides jostled to look and called out together, “We have holy monks here who subdue dragons and tame tigers, but we’ve never seen a monk who subdues pigs and tames monkeys!” Bajie could not help thrusting out his snout. “Have you ever seen a monk who subdues the king of pigs?” The whole street stumbled and staggered in fright, scattering to either side. Pilgrim laughed. “Idiot, tuck that snout away! Stop making faces, and mind your feet on the bridge.” The Idiot lowered his head and merely laughed. They crossed the drawbridge and went through the city gate. Along the main street they saw wine shops and singing houses, bustling and prosperous: it was indeed like a great city of China. There is a poem to prove it. A poem says:

A splendid city, strong as an iron jar for ten thousand years;beside the water, against the hills, every colour fresh.Goods of every kind travel by lake, and boats enter the market;a thousand wine shops hang their curtains low.Towers and terraces everywhere amid throngs of people;lanes and streets each morning loud with travelling merchants.Its lovely scenes are no less fine than Chang’an’s;even the crowing cocks and barking dogs are just the same.

Sanzang thought with secret delight, “People speak of the foreign lands of the Western Regions, but they’ve never been here. Look closely at this scene—how is it different from our Great Tang? This is truly what they mean by the Western Land of Ultimate Bliss.” Then he heard people saying that white rice cost four qian a shi and sesame oil eight li a jin. It was indeed a place where the five grains yielded richly.

行夠多時,方到玉華王府。府門左右有長史府、審理廳、典膳所、待客館。三藏道:「徒弟,此間是府,等我進去朝王,驗牒而行。」八戒道:「師父進去,我們可好在衙門前站立?」三藏道:「你不看這門上是『待客館』三字?!你們都去那裡坐下,看有草料,買些喂馬。我見了王,倘或賜齋,便來喚你等同享。」行者道:「師父放心前去,老孫自當理會。」那沙僧把行李挑至館中。館中有看館的人役,見他們面貌醜陋,也不敢問他,也不敢教他出去,只得讓他坐下不題。

行够多时,方到玉华王府。府门左右有长史府、审理厅、典膳所、待客馆。三藏道:「徒弟,此间是府,等我进去朝王,验牒而行。」八戒道:「师父进去,我们可好在衙门前站立?」三藏道:「你不看这门上是『待客馆』三字?!你们都去那里坐下,看有草料,买些喂马。我见了王,倘或赐斋,便来唤你等同享。」行者道:「师父放心前去,老孙自当理会。」那沙僧把行李挑至馆中。馆中有看馆的人役,见他们面貌丑陋,也不敢问他,也不敢教他出去,只得让他坐下不题。

After walking for some time they finally reached the residence of the Prince of Jade Splendour. On either side of its gates were the Office of the Chief Administrator, the Court of Judicial Review, the Palace Catering Office and a guesthouse. Sanzang said, “Disciples, this is the princely residence. Wait while I go in to pay my respects and have our travel document endorsed, so that we can continue.” Bajie asked, “Master, if you go in, are we to stand outside the office?” Sanzang said, “Don’t you see the three characters over that door saying ‘Guesthouse’? All of you go and sit there. See whether there’s fodder, and buy some to feed the horse. Once I’ve seen the prince, if he grants us a vegetarian meal, I’ll come and call you to share it.” Pilgrim said, “Go ahead with an easy mind, Master. Old Sun will see to things.” Sha Monk carried the baggage into the guesthouse. The servant looking after it saw their ugly faces, but dared neither question them nor tell them to leave. He could only let them sit. But more of that later.

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